Objective

• To explain how substances move through our environment
• To explain how effective exposure depends on physiological route of exposure
• To explain how toxic effects depend upon how the body reacts with chemicals toxicokinetics and toxicodynamics local and systemic effects
• To explain the importance of fat solubility
• To explain the problem of assessing effects of mixed exposures
• To explain the difference between acute and chronic exposures
• To give some examples of harmful (toxic) effects

Contents > 49 slides
Factors Affecting Risk of Poisoning - Movement Through the Environment (2s) - Routes of Human Exposure from the Environment - Exposure of the Child in the Womb and Babies - Exposure of the Child During Breast Feeding - Routes of Direct Human Exposure - Uptake from the Lungs - The Lungs - Uptake From the Gastro-intestinal Tract (Gut) - The Gastro-intestinal Tract (Gut) - Ionization and Uptake from the Gastro-intestinal Tract (Gut) - Absorption Through the Skin - Skin - Toxicokinetics - Phases of Poisoning (2s) - The Liver - Liver Biotransformation - Phase 1 and Phase 2 Reactions (2s) - Local and Systemic Effects (2s) - Fat Solubility and Water Solubility - Water Soluble Compounds - Very Fat Soluble Compounds (3s) - Metabolism and Excretion of Fat Soluble (Lipophilic) Substances - Exposure to Mixtures - Independent Effects - Independent Effects in Cigarette Smoke - Additive Effects - Synergistic Effects - Antagonistic Effects - Acute and Chronic Toxicity - Dose and Time of Exposure - Harmful Effects of Some Toxic Substances (2s) - Self Assessment - True or False? (4s) - Self Assessment - Checklist (4s)