Pure Appl. Chem., 2002, Vol. 74, No. 4, pp. 629-695
doi:10.1351/pac200274040629
ORGANIC AND BIOMOLECULAR CHEMISTRY DIVISION
COMMISSION ON NOMENCLATURE OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Nomenclature for the C60-Ih and C70-D5h(6) fullerenes (IUPAC Recommendations 2002)
W. H. Powell, F. Cozzi, G. P. Moss, C. Thilgen, R. J.-R. Hwu, and A. Yerin
11436 Havencrest Ct., Columbus, OH 43220-3841, USA; 2Dipartimento di Chimica Organica e Industriale, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Golgi 19, I-20133 Milano, Italy; 3Department of Chemistry, Queen Mary, University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK; 4Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, ETH-Zentrum, Universitätstrasse 16, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland; 5Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 11529 Taiwan; 6Advanced Chemistry Development, ul. Akademika Bakuleva, 6, str. 1, ACD, RF-117513 Moscow, Russia.
Abstract:
Fullerenes are a new allotrope of carbon characterized
by a closed-cage structure consisting of an even number of three-coordinate
carbon atoms devoid of hydrogen atoms. This class was originally limited
to closed-cage structures with 12 isolated five-membered rings, the
rest being six-membered rings.
Although it was recognized that existing organic ring nomenclature
could be used for these structures, the resulting names would be extremely
unwieldy and inconvenient for use. At the same time it was also recognized
that established organic nomenclature principles could be used, or adapted,
to provide a consistent nomenclature for this unique class of compounds
based on the class name fullerene. However, it was necessary to develop
an entirely new method for uniquely numbering closed-cage systems.
This paper describes IUPAC recommendations for naming and uniquely
numbering the two most common fullerenes with isolated pentagons, the
icosahedral C60 fullerene and a D5h-C70
fullerene. It also describes recommendations for adapting organic nomenclature
principles for naming fullerenes with nonclosed-cage structures, heterofullerenes,
derivatives formed by substitution of hydrofullerenes, and the fusion
of organic rings or ring systems to the fullerene cage. Finally, this
paper suggests methods for describing structures consisting of two or
more fullerene units and for denoting configurations of chiral fullerenes
and their derivatives.
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Web version prepared by G. P. Moss