Pure Appl. Chem., 2004, Vol. 76, No. 4, pp. 707-722
doi:10.1351/pac200476040707
Why liquid membrane extraction is an attractive alternative in sample preparation*
L. Chimuka, E. Cukrowska, and J. Å. Jönsson
Department of Ecology and Resource Management, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Venda for Science and Technology, P/Bag X5050, 0950, Thohoyandou, Limpopo Province, South Africa; School of Chemistry, University of the Witswatersrand, Private Bag 3, Wits 2050, Johannesburg, South Africa Department of Analytical Chemistry, Lund University, P.O.Box 124, S-22100 Lund, Sweden
Abstract:
The use of liquid membrane-based extractions is increasingly seen as offering an alternative to conventional sample preparation procedures in analysis of chemical species in both environmental and biological media. In this article, emphasis is placed on the attractiveness of liquid membrane-based extraction techniques to a variety of analytical applications such as speciation of metal ions in biological fluids, time-weighted average field sampling, and time-weighted average passive field sampling. Further, the area of designing new and much simpler miniaturized configurations, which is enjoying much attention in liquid membrane-based extraction techniques, is discussed.