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Pure Appl. Chem. Vol. 68, No. 9, pp. 1689-1697 (1996)

The Budget and Cycle of Earth's Natural Chlorine

T.E. Graedel (ii) and W.C. Keene (i)
(i) Bell Laboratories, Lucent Technologies, Murray Hill, NJ 07974 USA
(ii) University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA

Earth's chlorine, retained when the planet was formed from the Solar nebula, is contained largely in three reservoirs: the mantle (99.6%), the crust (0.3%), and the oceans (0.1%). Only oceanic chlorine is readily mobile, cycling among the lower and middle atmosphere, the pedosphere, freshwaters, and the cryosphere. Inter-reservoir chlorine fluxes are estimated for all transitions of interest; by far the most important on a mass basis is the injection of seasalt from the oceans to the atmosphere, and its return to the planetary surface by wet and dry deposition.

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